Natural components of Tatami mat
Natural material
Living with tatami means a lifestyle harmonized with nature.In fact, tatami returns to the earth when discarded. So, in this article, we will explain the environmentally friendly tatami and its materials used in Tatami’s production.
Tatami-omote
This part, also known as the "Tatami omote" or "tatami surface," is made from Igusa (Igusa rush). Igusa is cultivated in Yatsushiro City, Kumamoto Prefecture, and is grown in paddy fields.The harvested Igusa is primarily processed into Tatami omote.
During the sorting process, Igusa that is deemed unsuitable for tatami surfaces is used as fertilizer for cultivating ginger. It is a sustainable practice in crop utilization.
Tatami-toko
The core material used in tatami is referred to as "Tatam toko." Traditionally, straw (wara) is used as the core material for tatami flooring. The process involves stacking straw up to approximately 40cm, compressing it, and then further compressing it to a thickness of 5.5cm.
Currently, artificial materials such as insulation boards and styrofoam boards have become mainstream as the core material for tatami. In the past, farmers used to dry straw from the rice they cultivated to make tatami cores, creating environmentally friendly and reusable products. As a background, the shift to using synthetic materials for tatami cores is driven by the cost-effectiveness of production compared to straw cores. Additionally, the use of lightweight synthetic materials has reduced the burden on tatami craftsmen when delivering tatami to customers' rooms.
Tatami-heri
The edge of Tatami is called Tatami-heri. Its designs are diverse, serving as accents for tatami and providing opportunities for customization and enjoyment. However, during the era of the samurai, tatami designs were specified based on social class. Originally, only the elite were allowed to use tatami.
While polyester-made tatami edging is now predominant, there are also pure cotton tatami edgings available. Considering environmental impact, it's possible to use pure cotton tatami edging as an alternative.
Ending
Tatami, a sustainable flooring material made in Japan over 1500 years ago, is a remarkable natural material. The longevity of tatami over the centuries is surprising, but it's especially commendable in today's era where consideration for environmental impact and awareness of the benefits of natural materials have become prevalent. Japan's early adoption of sustainable and natural materials is truly admirable.
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